Two types of ground source heat pump system is introduced in this paper:

Surface water type ground source heat pump, ground source heat pump units by decorate the closing of the heat transfer in water system for heat transfer, such as rivers, lakes, sea water, this system is suitable for small and medium-sized refrigeration heating area, buildings near the water's edge.

Its use of water or a steady temperature below the surface of the lake and significant heat dissipation, without drilling trenching, initial investment is minimal. But you need a deeper around buildings, large rivers and waters.

Vertical ground source heat pump, vertical drilling will be closed by heat exchange system embedded in the 50 m to 400 m deep rock mass and soil heat transfer.